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A number of animals, wild or domesticated, carry infectious diseases and approximately 75% of wildlife diseases are vector-borne viral zoonotic diseases. [13] Zoonotic diseases are complex infections residing in animals and can be transmitted to humans. The emergence of zoonotic diseases usually occurs in three stages.
Middelburg virus (MIDV) is an alphavirus of the Old World Group that has likely endemic and zoonotic potential. [1] It is of the viral family Togaviridae. It was isolated from mosquitos in 1957 in South Africa, MDIV antigens have now been found in livestock, horses, and humans. [1] Image of a horse that could possibly be affected by MIDV.
A zoonosis (/ z oʊ ˈ ɒ n ə s ɪ s, ˌ z oʊ ə ˈ n oʊ s ɪ s / ⓘ; [1] plural zoonoses) or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion) that can jump from a non-human vertebrate to a human.
Called zoonotic viruses, they spill over from animals to humans, who can then transmit them to other humans. Liberian Red Cross "burial" team, in Monrovia, Liberia, on October 14, 2014.
Zoonotic bacterial diseases (5 C, 23 P) A. Deaths from African trypanosomiasis (3 P) Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral haemorrhagic fevers (5 C, ...
Zaire ebolavirus, more commonly known as Ebola virus (/ i ˈ b oʊ l ə, ɪ-/; EBOV), is one of six known species within the genus Ebolavirus. [1] Four of the six known ebolaviruses, including EBOV, cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as Ebola virus disease (EVD).
The virus has been detected in Gambian pouched rats, dormice, and African squirrels, which are often used as food. [ 76 ] [ 1 ] Many more mpox cases have been reported in Central and West Africa, particularly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where 2,000 cases per year were recorded between 2011 and 2014.
The measles virus may have emerged from rinderpest as a zoonotic disease around 600 BC, a period that coincides with the rise of large human settlements. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] After a global eradication campaign that began in the mid-20th century, the last confirmed case of rinderpest was diagnosed in 2001. [ 11 ]