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In 2013, the NASA Human Research Program funded a project called "HI-SEAS," an acronym for “Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation,” to determine the best way to keep astronauts well nourished during multiple-year missions to Mars or the moon. [4] [13]
The purpose of the detailed research studies is to determine what is required to keep a space flight crew happy and healthy during an extended mission to Mars and while living on Mars. [7] Research into food, crew dynamics, behaviors, roles and performance, and other aspects of space flight and a mission on Mars itself is the primary focus.
The habitat, known as Mars Dune Alpha, is a 1700 square foot 3D-printed area designed to simulate the type of structure that would be built on a mission to Mars. [6] It includes crew quarters, an exercise area, [ 7 ] a work room, a recreation area, and a crop area. [ 3 ]
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The gravity of Mars is about 38% of Earth's gravity at the surface, [11] about 3.7 metres per second 2. [12] This can be simulated for short time by an aircraft following a flight profile that causes this type of acceleration. [ 13 ]
A NASA mission to test how living on Mars would stress and test a human crew ended Saturday, with four volunteers emerging from more than a year in a 1,700-square-foot structure.
The MDRS station is situated on the San Rafael Swell of Southern Utah, [4] 11.63 kilometres (7.23 mi) by road northwest of Hanksville, Utah. [5] It is the second such analogue research station to be built by the Mars Society, following the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station or FMARS [6] on Devon Island in Canada's high Arctic.
During the formal Mars simulation period of each expedition, it is required that any outside work be done while wearing a simulated spacesuit and that all communications are conducted by radio. Space suited crew members use a simulated airlock depress/repress procedure upon each exit and entry to the habitat.