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The statue of Athena Parthenos [N 1] (Ancient Greek: Παρθένος Ἀθηνᾶ, lit. 'Athena the Virgin') was a monumental chryselephantine sculpture of the goddess Athena . Attributed to Phidias and dated to the mid-fifth century BCE, it was an offering from the city of Athens to Athena, its tutelary deity .
The reproduction Athena Parthenos statue. Nashville's nickname, the "Athens of the South", [4] influenced the choice of the building as the centerpiece of the 1897 Centennial Exposition. A number of buildings at the exposition were based on ancient originals. However, the Parthenon was the only one that was an exact reproduction.
The Parthenon (/ ˈ p ɑːr θ ə ˌ n ɒ n,-n ən /; Ancient Greek: Παρθενών, romanized: Parthenōn [par.tʰe.nɔ̌ːn]; Greek: Παρθενώνας, romanized: Parthenónas [parθeˈnonas]) is a former temple [6] [7] on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, that was dedicated to the goddess Athena.
Plan of the Parthenon: 1) Pronaos (East side) 2) Naos Hekatompedon (East side) 3) Statue chryselephantine of Athena Parthenos 4) Parthenon (treasury) (West side) 5) Opisthodomos (West side) In 480 BC, the Persians ransacked the Acropolis of Athens including the "pre-Parthenon" then under construction.
The entrance to the Acropolis was a monumental gateway termed the Propylaea. To the south of the entrance is the tiny Temple of Athena Nike. At the centre of the Acropolis is the Parthenon or Temple of Athena Parthenos (Athena the Virgin). East of the entrance and north of the Parthenon is the temple known as the Erechtheum.
The Varvakeion Athena is a Roman-era statue of Athena Parthenos now part of the collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. It is generally considered to be the most faithful reproduction of the chryselephantine statue made by Phidias and his assistants, which once stood in the Parthenon . [ 1 ]
The pediments of the Parthenon included many statues. The one to the west had a little more than the one to the east. [8] In the description of the Acropolis of Athens by Pausanias, a sentence informs about the chosen themes: the quarrel between Athena and Poseidon for Attica in the west and the birth of Athena in the east.
Because of its popularity, it was reconstructed using permanent materials in a project lasting from 1920 to 1931. Today it is used as an art museum. Among its exhibits is Alan LeQuire's 1990 re-creation of the Athena Parthenos statue. Nearly a century later, the United States held the 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville, Tennessee.