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With 15.5 million U.S. adults currently diagnosed with ADHD, there is a growing focus on warning signs of the disorder. Mental health experts share the most common signs and symptoms.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [1] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and developmentally inappropriate. [9]
This same review reported a global combined prevalence of ADHD of 10% in boys and 5% in girls. [58] While the male-to-female ratio of ADHD diagnoses in childhood is about 2.3:1 in children, it approaches 1.5:1 or lower in adulthood. [15] [9] This is consistent with research revealing underdiagnosis of ADHD in females during childhood. [9]
In the UK, diagnosis is based on quite a narrow set of symptoms, and about 0.5–1% of children are thought to have attention or hyperactivity problems. In comparison, professionals in the U.S. used a much broader definition of the term ADHD until recently. [32] This meant up to 10% of children in the U.S. were described as having ADHD.
To meet criteria for ADHD diagnoses, one must have 6 positive responses to either the core 9 inattentive symptoms or core 9 hyperactive symptoms, or both. [7] Both the parent and the teacher versions ask the respondent to rate the frequency of a child's behaviors on a 0–3 scale as follows: 0: "never"; 1: "occasionally"; 2: "often"; 3: "very ...
The ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) is a parent-report or teacher-report inventory created by George J. DuPaul, Thomas J. Power, Arthur D. Anastopoulos, and Robert Reid [1] consisting of 18–90 questions regarding a child's behavior over the past 6 months. [1] The ADHD Rating Scale is used to aid in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity ...
[4] [5] [6] Stimulant and non-stimulant medications are similarly effective in treating ADHD symptoms. [7] The presence of comorbid (co-occurring) disorders can make finding the right treatment and diagnosis much more complicated, costly, and time-consuming. So it is recommended to assess and simultaneously treat any comorbid disorders.
[1] ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can present itself in adolescence and adulthood. Adults with ADHD may experience difficulties in relation to cognitive, academic, occupational, social and economic situations. [2] Several types of ADHD can present in Adults including inattentive ADHD, Hyperactivity, Impulsive ADHD, and Combined type.