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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids.
Name Description Knots [Note 1]Links References trRosettaRNA: trRosettaRNA is an algorithm for automated prediction of RNA 3D structure. It builds the RNA structure by Rosetta energy minimization, with deep learning restraints from a transformer network (RNAformer). trRosettaRNA has been validated in blind tests, including CASP15 and RNA-Puzzles, which suggests that the automated predictions ...
The RNA chain is synthesized from the 5' end to the 3' end as the 3'-hydroxyl group of the last ribonucleotide in the chain acts as a nucleophile and launches a hydrophilic attack on the 5'-triphosphate of the incoming ribonucleotide, releasing pyrophosphate as a by-[6] product. Due to the physical properties of the nucleotides, the backbone of ...
5' cap structure. A 5' cap (also termed an RNA cap, an RNA 7-methylguanosine cap, or an RNA m 7 G cap) is a modified guanine nucleotide that has been added to the "front" or 5' end of a eukaryotic messenger RNA shortly after the start of transcription. The 5' cap consists of a terminal 7-methylguanosine residue that is linked through a 5'-5 ...
Internal-loops (also termed interior loops) in RNA are found where the double stranded RNA separates due to no Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing between the nucleotides. Internal-loops differ from Stem-loops as they occur in middle of a stretch of double stranded RNA. The non-canonicoal residues result in the double helix becoming distorted ...
Small RNA that is activated by SgrR in Escherichia coli during glucose-phosphate stress shRNA: short hairpin RNA - siRNA: small interfering RNA - SL RNA spliced leader RNA multiple families: SmY RNA: mRNA trans-splicing RF01844: Small nuclear RNAs found in some species of nematode worms, thought to be involved in mRNA trans-splicing snoRNA ...
Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure is often divided into four different levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
A short 20-nucleotide RNA variant ribozyme was identified that self-reproduces via template directed ligation of two 10 nucleotide oligomers. [38] This minimal kind of RNA self-reproduction was discovered in a random pool of oligmers, and may represent an early step in the emergence of an RNA based genetic system from primordial components. [38]