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A cardiac stress test is a cardiological examination that evaluates the cardiovascular system's response to external stress within a controlled clinical setting. This stress response can be induced through physical exercise (usually a treadmill) or intravenous pharmacological stimulation of heart rate.
Regadenoson, sold under the brand name Lexiscan among others, is an A 2A adenosine receptor agonist that is a coronary vasodilator that is commonly used in pharmacologic stress testing. It produces hyperemia quickly and maintains it for a duration that is useful for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging . [ 1 ]
Dobutamine is a medication used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock (as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion) and severe heart failure. [2] [3] It may also be used in certain types of cardiac stress tests. [2]
Dipyridamole is thus a pharmacological success diagnostically, but a therapeutic failure because of the coronary steal phenomenon. [ 4 ] Coronary steal is also the mechanism in most drug-based cardiac stress tests ; When a patient is incapable of doing physical activity they are given a vasodilator that produces a "cardiac steal syndrome" as a ...
To help mitigate any serious side effects from taking anti-amyloid medications, researchers at Revvity’s EUROIMMUN have developed a test to help determine which APOE variants a person may have ...
The field of pharmacotoxicology also involves the treatment and prevention of pharmaceutically induced side effects. Pharmacotoxicology can be separated into two different categories: pharmacodynamics (the effects of a drug on an organism), and pharmacokinetics (the effects of the organism on the drug).
Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine, benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl.
A common side effect of prostaglandin E 2 is its effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscle resulting in nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Other side effects include headache, shivering, and chills. [4] The suppository form of prostaglandin E 2 is associated with increased severity of these symptoms.