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If Meyer's index is greater than 2.2, then the ratio increases. [1] The Brinell hardness is designated by the most commonly used test standards (ASTM E10-14 [2] and ISO 6506–1:2005) as HBW (H from hardness, B from brinell and W from the material of the indenter, tungsten (wolfram) carbide). In former standards HB or HBS were used to refer to ...
If HV is first expressed in N/mm 2 (MPa), or otherwise by converting from kgf/mm 2, then the tensile strength (in MPa) of the material can be approximated as σ u ≈ HV/ c, where c is a constant determined by yield strength, Poisson's ratio, work-hardening exponent and geometrical factors – usually ranging between 2 and 4. [9]
A bolt with property class 12.9 has a tensile strength of 1200 MPa (1 MPa = 1 N/mm 2) or 1.2 kN/mm 2 and the yield strength is 0.90 times tensile strength, 1080 MPa in this case. A bolt with property class 4.6 has a tensile strength of 400 MPa (1 MPa = 1 N/mm 2 ) or 0.4 kN/mm 2 and yield strength is 0.60 times tensile strength, 240 MPa in this ...
The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI). Expressed in terms of SI base units , it is 1 kg⋅m/s 2 , the force that accelerates a mass of one kilogram at one metre per second squared.
The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m 2). [1] It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar , and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1000 Pa), which is equal to ...
On the industrial scale, forming is characterized by: [2] Very high loads and stresses required, between 50 and 2500 N/mm 2 (7-360 ksi) Large, heavy, and expensive machinery in order to accommodate such high stresses and loads; Production runs with many parts, to maximize the economy of production and compensate for the expense of the machine tools
mmH 2 O ≈ 999.972 kg/m 3 × 1 mm × g 0 = 0.999 972 kgf/m 2 = 9.806 38 Pa: pascal (SI unit) Pa ≡ N/m 2 = kg/(m⋅s 2) = 1 Pa [34] pièze (mts unit) pz ≡ 1000 kg/m⋅s 2 = 10 3 Pa = 1 kPa pound per square foot: psf ≡ 1 lbf/ft 2: ≈ 47.880 26 Pa [33] pound per square inch: psi ≡ 1 lbf/in 2: ≈ 6.894 757 × 10 3 Pa [33] poundal per ...
The ultimate tensile strength of a material is an intensive property; therefore its value does not depend on the size of the test specimen.However, depending on the material, it may be dependent on other factors, such as the preparation of the specimen, the presence or otherwise of surface defects, and the temperature of the test environment and material.