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Microvilli are present on the epithelium of a villus and further increase the surface area over which absorption can take place. Numerous intestinal glands as pocket-like invaginations are present in the underlying tissue. In the large intestines, villi are absent and a flat surface with thousands of glands is observed.
The largest lymphatic organ is the spleen, which is dark purple and located under the lower ribs, around the left side of the upper abdomen. [11] [12] It filters the red blood cells by extracting old cells. [11] [12] Coming off the side of the cecum (the tiny tail piece) is the appendix. It is a small organ attached to the large intestine in ...
The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in humans [1] and many other animals that contain organs. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity . [ 2 ] It is located below the thoracic cavity , and above the pelvic cavity .
These folds stretch outward through the action of mechanoreceptors, which respond to the increase in pressure. [2] This allows the stomach to expand, therefore increasing the volume of the stomach without increasing pressure. [2] They also provide the stomach with an increased surface area for nutrient absorption during digestion. [2]
The surface of the hard palate allows for the pressure needed in eating food, to leave the nasal passage clear. [8] The opening between the lips is termed the oral fissure, and the opening into the throat is called the fauces. [9] At either side of the soft palate are the palatoglossus muscles which also reach into regions of the tongue. These ...
The human stomach has receptors responsive to sodium glutamate [38] and this information is passed to the lateral hypothalamus and limbic system in the brain as a palatability signal through the vagus nerve. [39] The stomach can also sense, independently of tongue and oral taste receptors, glucose, [40] carbohydrates, [41] proteins, [41] and ...
The surface area of the digestive tract is estimated to be about 32 square meters, or about half a badminton court. [19] With such a large exposure (more than three times larger than the exposed surface of the skin ), these immune components function to prevent pathogens from entering the blood and lymph circulatory systems. [ 36 ]
Quadrants of the abdomen Diagram showing which organs (or parts of organs) are in each quadrant of the abdomen. The left lower quadrant (LLQ) of the human abdomen is the area left of the midline and below the umbilicus. The LLQ includes the left iliac fossa and half of the left flank region. The equivalent term for animals is left posterior ...