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Lubiprostone received approval from the Food and Drug Administration in 2008, to treat irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), [7] and in 2013, for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation in adults with chronic noncancer pain. [4] It is available as a generic medication. [8]
A number of novel therapeutic treatments have been suggested and licensed in recent years for the treatment of functional constipation. [13] Prosecretory drugs including plecanatide, linaclotide, and lubiprostone alter gut epithelial channels, encouraging intestinal fluid secretion and increasing stool volume, which improves GI transit. [17]
A number of 5-HT3 antagonists or 5-HT4 agonists were proposed clinically to treat diarrhea-predominant IBS and constipation-predominant IBS, respectively. However, severe side effects have resulted in its withdrawal by food and drug administration and are now prescribed under emergency investigational drug protocol. [ 137 ]
Constipation is more concerning when there is weight loss or anemia, blood is present in the stool, there is a history of inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer in a person's family, or it is of new onset in someone who is older. [12] Treatment of constipation depends on the underlying cause and the duration that it has been present. [4]
Macrogol 4000, pharmaceutical quality. Macrogol 3350, often in combination with electrolytes, is used for short-term relief of constipation as well as for long-term use in constipation of various causes, including in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease patients (an often-overlooked non-motor symptom) as well as constipation caused by pharmaceutical drugs such as opioids and ...
They are used to treat and prevent constipation. Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant , lubricant , and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances.
Rectal suppositories are intended for localized or systemic action to relieve pain, constipation, irritation, inflammation, nausea and vomiting, fever, migraines, allergies, and sedation. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] If they cause inflammation, chronic use of suppositories may cause rectal stricture , [ 9 ] but overall this is a safe method of drug delivery.
The treatment of fecal impaction requires both the remedy of the impaction and treatment to prevent recurrences. Decreased motility of the colon results in dry, hard stools that in the case of fecal impaction become compacted into a large, hard mass of stool that cannot be expelled from the rectum. [citation needed]