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Pyrrhotite, an example of a non-stoichiometric inorganic compound, with formula Fe 1−x S (x = 0 to 0.2). The monosulfides of the transition metals are often nonstoichiometric. Best known perhaps is nominally iron(II) sulfide (the mineral pyrrhotite) with a composition Fe 1−x S (x = 0 to 0.2).
A thermite mixture using iron(III) oxide. Thermite (/ ˈ θ ɜːr m aɪ t /) [1] is a pyrotechnic composition of metal powder and metal oxide. When ignited by heat or chemical reaction, thermite undergoes an exothermic reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction. Most varieties are not explosive, but can create brief bursts of heat and high ...
Liquid phase of MON contains no nitric oxide. [2] N 2 O 4 ⇌ 2NO 2. NO 2 + NO ⇌ N 2 O 3. A broad range of compositions is available, and can be denoted as MONi, where i represents the percentage of nitric oxide in the mixture (e.g. MON3 contains 3% nitric oxide, MON25 25% nitric oxide). An upper limit is MON40 (40% by weight).
Although most metal oxides are crystalline solids, many non-metal oxides are molecules. Examples of molecular oxides are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. All simple oxides of nitrogen are molecular, e.g., NO, N 2 O, NO 2 and N 2 O 4. Phosphorus pentoxide is a more complex molecular oxide with a deceptive name, the real formula being P 4 O 10.
Gas blending is the process of mixing gases for a specific purpose where the composition of the resulting mixture is defined, and therefore, controlled. A wide range of applications include scientific and industrial processes, food production and storage and breathing gases.
The creation of sparks from metals is based on the pyrophoricity of small metal particles, and pyrophoric alloys are made for this purpose. [2] Practical applications include the sparking mechanisms in lighters and various toys, using ferrocerium; starting fires without matches, using a firesteel; the flintlock mechanism in firearms; and spark testing ferrous metals.
The addition of a second metal to copper increases its hardness, lowers the melting temperature, and improves the casting process by producing a more fluid melt that cools to a denser, less spongy metal. [42] This was an important innovation that allowed for the much more complex shapes cast in closed molds of the Bronze Age.
Nickel(II) oxide is the chemical compound with the formula NiO. It is the principal oxide of nickel. [4] It is classified as a basic metal oxide. Several million kilograms are produced annually of varying quality, mainly as an intermediate in the production of nickel alloys. [5] The mineralogical form of NiO, bunsenite, is very rare.