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However, by the time he ascended to power, the Mongol Empire had already dissolved, dividing into different factions. Arriving with an army, he established himself in the region and founded the Ilkhanate, a breakaway state of the Mongol Empire, which would rule Iran for the next eighty years and become Persian in the process.
Iran suffered invasions by nomadic tribes during the Late Middle Ages and early modern period, negatively impacting the region. [36] Iran was reunified as an independent state in 1501 by the Safavid dynasty, which established Shia Islam as the empire's official religion, [37] marking another turning point in the history of Islam. [38]
In a sense, Iranian Islam is a second advent of Islam itself, a new Islam sometimes referred to as Islam-i Ajam. It was this Persian Islam, rather than the original Arab Islam, that was brought to new areas and new peoples: to the Turks, first in Central Asia and then in the Middle East in the country which came to be called Turkey, and of ...
The Samanid dynasty was the first fully native dynasty to rule Iran since the Muslim conquest and led the revival of Persian culture. The first important Persian poet after the arrival of Islam, Rudaki, was born during this era and was praised by Samanid kings. The Samanids also revived many ancient Persian festivals.
This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]
The ethnicity of the founder of the Safavid order remains a subject of scholarly debate. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established control over parts of Greater Iran and reasserted the Iranian identity of the region, [40] thus becoming the first native dynasty since the Buyids to establish a national state officially known as Iran. [41]
The Fars territory or Ancient Persia or in terms of political history in the Sasanian Empire era and early Islamic period was a state and included the current provinces of Fars, Bushehr province, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad and even Yazd province and Behbahan County of Khuzestan province.
This is a list of kings of Iran of the medieval Islamic period, AD 820 to 1432, arranged genealogically. For the early Islamic period before 820, see: Umayyad dynasty, 661–750; Abbasid dynasty, 750–1258 (brief/nominal ruling since 820) For the period after 1506, see: Timurid dynasty, 1370–1506