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Although the causes of most mental disorders are not fully understood, researchers have identified a variety of biological, psychological, and environmental factors that can contribute to the development or progression of mental disorders. [5] Most mental disorders result in a combination of several different factors rather than just a single ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 November 2024. The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric ...
Biological psychiatry or biopsychiatry is an approach to psychiatry that aims to understand mental disorder in terms of the biological function of the nervous system.It is interdisciplinary in its approach and draws on sciences such as neuroscience, psychopharmacology, biochemistry, genetics, epigenetics and physiology to investigate the biological bases of behavior and psychopathology.
Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite substantial harm and adverse consequences to self and others. [8] Related terms include substance use problems [9] and problematic drug or alcohol use. [10] [11] Substance use disorders vary with regard to the average age of onset. [12]
This list also includes updates featured in the text revision of the DSM-IV, the DSM-IV-TR, released in July 2000. [2] Similar to the DSM-III-R, the DSM-IV-TR was created to bridge the gap between the DSM-IV and the next major release, then named DSM-V (eventually titled DSM-5). [3] The DSM-IV-TR contains expanded descriptions of disorders.
Ancient civilizations described and treated a number of mental disorders. Mental illnesses were well known in ancient Mesopotamia, [145] where diseases and mental disorders were believed to be caused by specific deities. [146] Because hands symbolized control over a person, mental illnesses were known as "hands" of certain deities. [146]
An alternate, widely used classification publication is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), produced by the World Health Organization (WHO). [13] The ICD has a broader scope than the DSM, covering overall health as well as mental health; chapter 6 of the ICD specifically covers mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders.
In the early 1800s, psychiatry made advances in the diagnosis of mental illness by broadening the category of mental disease to include mood disorders, in addition to disease level delusion or irrationality. [122] The 20th century introduced a new psychiatry into the world, with different perspectives of looking at mental disorders.