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2. BK channel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BK_channel

   These channels can be activated (opened) by either electrical means, or by increasing Ca 2+ concentrations in the cell. [2] [3] BK channels help regulate physiological processes, such as circadian behavioral rhythms and neuronal excitability. [4] BK channels are also involved in many processes in the body, as it is a ubiquitous channel.

3. Potassium channel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_channel

   Potassium channel Kv1.2, structure in a membrane-like environment. Calculated hydrocarbon boundaries of the lipid bilayer are indicated by red and blue lines. Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. [1] They form potassium-selective pores that span cell membranes.

4. Reversal potential - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversal_potential

   We can consider as an example a positively charged ion, such as K +, and a negatively charged membrane, as it is commonly the case in most organisms. [4] [5] The membrane voltage opposes the flow of the potassium ions out of the cell and the ions can leave the interior of the cell only if they have sufficient thermal energy to overcome the energy barrier produced by the negative membrane ...

5. Membrane transport protein - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport_protein

   Facilitated diffusion occurs in and out of the cell membrane via channels/pores and carriers/porters. Note: Channels: Channels are either in open state or closed state. When a channel is opened with a slight conformational switch, it is open to both environment simultaneously (extracellular and intracellular) This picture represents symport.

6. Sodium channel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_channel

   Single channel data from cardiomyocytes have shown that protons can decrease the conductance of individual sodium channels. [51] The sodium channel selectivity filter is composed of a single residue in each of the four pore-loops of the four functional domains. These four residues are known as the DEKA motif. [52]

7. Calcium channel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_channel

   A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous with voltage-gated calcium channel, [1] which are a type of calcium channel regulated by changes in membrane potential. Some calcium channels are regulated by the binding of a ligand.

8. Ionophore - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionophore

   The structure of the complex of sodium (Na +) and the antibiotic monensin A Structure of a potassium complex of a crown ether, a synthetic ionophore-ion complex. Biological activities of metal ion-binding compounds can be changed in response to the increment of the metal concentration, and based on the latter compounds can be classified as "metal ionophores", "metal chelators" or "metal ...

9. Gating (electrophysiology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gating_(electrophysiology)

   Voltage-gated ion channels are often specific to ions, including Na +, K +, Ca 2+, and Cl −. Each of these ions plays an important role in the electrical behavior of the cell. [9] The gates also have unique properties with important physiological implications. For example, Na + channels open and close rapidly, while K + gates open and close ...