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Gravity assist velocity diagram. Earth orbits the Sun in one Earth year, Mars in 1.881. Neither orbit is perfectly circular; Earth has an orbital eccentricity of 0.0168, and Mars of 0.0934. The two orbits are not quite coplanar either, as the orbit of Mars is inclined by 1.85 degrees to that of Earth. The effect of the gravity of Mars on the ...
A lunar cycler or Earth–Moon cycler is a cycler orbit, or spacecraft therein, which periodically passes close by the Earth and the Moon, using gravity assists and occasional propellant-powered corrections to maintain its trajectories between the two. If the fuel required to reach a particular cycler orbit from both the Earth and the Moon is ...
The diagram shows a Hohmann transfer orbit to bring a spacecraft from a lower circular orbit into a higher one. It is an elliptic orbit that is tangential both to the lower circular orbit the spacecraft is to leave (cyan, labeled 1 on diagram) and the higher circular orbit that it is to reach (red, labeled 3 on diagram).
Sketch of a circumlunar free return trajectory (not to scale), plotted on the rotating reference frame rotating with the moon. (Moon's motion only shown for clarity) In orbital mechanics, a free-return trajectory is a trajectory of a spacecraft traveling away from a primary body (for example, the Earth) where gravity due to a secondary body (for example, the Moon) causes the spacecraft to ...
For gas giants, the orbits of moons tend to be aligned with the giant planet's equator, because these formed in circumplanetary disks. [4] Strictly speaking, this applies only to regular satellites. Captured bodies on distant orbits vary widely in their inclinations, while captured bodies in relatively close orbits tend to have low inclinations ...
The areosynchronous orbits (ASO) are the synchronous orbits for artificial satellites around the planet Mars. They are the martian equivalent of the geosynchronous orbits (GSO) on the Earth . The prefix areo- derives from Ares , the ancient Greek god of war and counterpart to the Roman god Mars , with whom the planet was identified.
In the patent, the engine is described as two stroke internal combustion engine, [2] but the patent claims that with a different valve mechanism it could be used as a four stroke engine. [2] However most of the development work was done on four stroke versions with both poppet and disk valve arrangements.
Original file (1,275 × 1,650 pixels, file size: 3.26 MB, MIME type: application/pdf, 48 pages) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below.