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Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, or phytohemagglutinin) is a lectin found in plants, especially certain legumes. PHA actually consists of two closely related proteins, called leucoagglutinin ( PHA-L ) and PHA-E .
Lectins are one of many toxic constituents of many raw plants that are inactivated by proper processing and preparation (e.g., cooking with heat, fermentation). [30] For example, raw kidney beans naturally contain toxic levels of lectin (e.g. phytohaemagglutinin). Adverse effects may include nutritional deficiencies, and immune reactions.
The toxic compound phytohaemagglutinin, a lectin, is present in many common bean varieties but is especially concentrated in red kidney beans. White kidney beans contain about a third as many toxins as the red variety; broad beans ( Vicia faba ) contain 5 to 10% as much as red kidney beans.
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The poisonous fruits superficially resemble blackberries and may mistakenly be eaten as such. Can be fatal in children. [citation needed] Cytisus scoparius: broom, common broom Fabaceae: Contains toxic alkaloids that depress the heart and nervous system. [99] The alkaloid sparteine is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent, a sodium channel blocker.
Toxic to cardio and central nervous systems, gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Ephedra: ma huang: Ephedra sinica: Agitation and palpitations, [3] "hypertension, irregular heart rate, insomnia, nervousness, tremors and seizures, paranoid psychosis, heart attacks, strokes, and death", [1] [15] kidney stones [15] Flavonoids (contained in many ...
Phytohaemagglutinin, a toxic lectin often present in legumes, is absent in Yeheb seeds; this is an additional nutritional advantage. [ 9 ] [ 16 ] Amino acids composition of Yeheb seed protein (var. Moqley) [%] [ 16 ]