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X-ray atomic form factors of oxygen (blue), chlorine (green), Cl − (magenta), and K + (red); smaller charge distributions have a wider form factor.. In physics, the atomic form factor, or atomic scattering factor, is a measure of the scattering amplitude of a wave by an isolated atom.
The Mott–Bethe formula is an approximation used to calculate atomic electron scattering form factors, (,), from atomic X-ray scattering form factors, (,). [1] [2] [3] The formula was derived independently by Hans Bethe and Neville Mott both in 1930, [4] [5] and simply follows from applying the first Born approximation for the scattering of electrons via the Coulomb interaction together with ...
The two determinants of the F-factor are the effective atomic number (Z) of the material and the type of ionizing radiation being considered. Since the effective Z of air and soft tissue is approximately the same, the F-factor is approximately 1 for many x-ray imaging applications. However, bone has an F-factor of up to 4, due to its higher ...
The structure factor is a critical tool in the interpretation of scattering patterns (interference patterns) obtained in X-ray, electron and neutron diffraction experiments. Confusingly, there are two different mathematical expressions in use, both called 'structure factor'.
The Debye–Waller factor (DWF), named after Peter Debye and Ivar Waller, is used in condensed matter physics to describe the attenuation of x-ray scattering or coherent neutron scattering caused by thermal motion. [1] [2] It is also called the B factor, atomic B factor, or temperature factor.
The Patterson function is used to solve the phase problem in X-ray crystallography. It was introduced in 1935 by Arthur Lindo Patterson while he was a visiting researcher in the laboratory of Bertram Eugene Warren at MIT. [1] [2] The Patterson function is defined as
The factor ^ ^ = ^ = arises when the flux is not normal to the surface element, so the area normal to the flux is reduced. For spectral quantities two definitions are in use to refer to the same quantity, in terms of frequency or wavelength.
In that case, it generally does not make sense to sum view factors as view factor from A and view factor from B (above) are essentially different units. C may see 10% of A 's radiation and 50% of B 's radiation and 20% of C 's radiation, but without knowing how much each radiates, it does not even make sense to say that C receives 80% of the ...