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In diabetics, hypoglycemia can occur as a result of too much insulin or antidiabetic medication, insufficient food intake, or sudden increase in physical activity or exercise. The most common glucose-elevating agents used to treat diabetic hypoglycemia are glucose (in the form of tablets or liquid) and glucagon injections when severe ...
Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.
If a person without diabetes accidentally takes medications that are traditionally used to treat diabetes, this may also cause hypoglycemia. [3] [2] These medications include insulin, glinides, and sulfonylureas. [3] [2] This may occur through medical errors in a healthcare setting or through pharmacy errors, also called iatrogenic hypoglycemia ...
Some of these strategies are use of generic drugs or therapeutic alternatives, substituting a prescription drug with an over-the-counter medication, and pill-splitting. Interventions to improve adherence can achieve reductions in diabetes morbidity and mortality, as well as significant cost savings to the health care system. [ 60 ]
Oral glucose gel is an over-the-counter medication, consisting primarily of dextrose and water, along with small amounts of other compounds.It is frequently used by people with diabetes and those with hypoglycaemia to raise their blood glucose when it becomes dangerously low.
Side effects include weight gain and hypoglycemia. While the potential for hypoglycemia is less than for those on sulfonylureas, [citation needed] it is still a serious potential side effect that can be life-threatening. Patients on this medication should know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and appropriate management.
Diazoxide is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of acute hypertension or malignant hypertension. [7]Diazoxide also inhibits the secretion of insulin by opening ATP-sensitive potassium channel of beta cells of the pancreas; thus, it is used to counter hypoglycemia in disease states such as insulinoma (a tumor producing insulin) [8] or congenital hyperinsulinism.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as starch and table sugar). They are found in raw plants/herbs such as cinnamon and bacteria (containing the inhibitor acarbose ).