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  2. Proportionality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)

    This meaning of variable is not the common meaning of the term in mathematics (see variable (mathematics)); these two different concepts share the same name for historical reasons. Two functions f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} and g ( x ) {\displaystyle g(x)} are proportional if their ratio f ( x ) g ( x ) {\textstyle {\frac {f(x)}{g(x)}}} is a ...

  3. Integer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer

    Other integer data types are implemented with a fixed size, usually a number of bits which is a power of 2 (4, 8, 16, etc.) or a memorable number of decimal digits (e.g., 9 or 10).

  4. Slide rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule

    The user may estimate the location of the decimal point in the result by mentally interpolating between labeled graduations. Scientific notation is used to track the decimal point for more precise calculations. Addition and subtraction steps in a calculation are generally done mentally or on paper, not on the slide rule.

  5. Academic grading in Switzerland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_grading_in...

    Sometimes the − is used to indicate a better grade if it stands after the grade and a lower grade if it stands before the grade (in which case − is a symbol for "bis", e.g. 'to', rather than 'minus'), for example −5 (4.75) is lower than 5 which is lower than 5− (5.25) in that system. In some regions, decimal grades are used: 5.5, 4.5, etc.

  6. Mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

    There is no general consensus about the definition of mathematics or its epistemological status—that is, its place inside knowledge. A great many professional mathematicians take no interest in a definition of mathematics, or consider it undefinable. There is not even consensus on whether mathematics is an art or a science.

  7. History of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mathematics

    Of particular note is the use in Chinese mathematics of a decimal positional notation system, the so-called "rod numerals" in which distinct ciphers were used for numbers between 1 and 10, and additional ciphers for powers of ten. [107]

  8. Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi

    The number π (/ p aɪ /; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.

  9. Rate of return - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_return

    The return, or the holding period return, can be calculated over a single period.The single period may last any length of time. The overall period may, however, instead be divided into contiguous subperiods. This means that there is more than one time period, each sub-period beginning at the point in time where the previous one ended. In such a case, where there are