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Pterygotus is distinguishable from other pterygotids by the curved distal margin of the chelae (claws). The prosoma (head) is subtrapezoidal (a trapezoid with rounded corners), with compound eyes located near the edge of the front corners. The telson has a pronounced dorsal carina (or keel) running down its center, terminating in a short spine. [8]
Pterygotus can be seen in the center-left. Traditionally interpreted as visual and active predators as a group, recent studies on the cheliceral morphology and visual acuity of the pterygotid eurypterids have revealed that it is possible to separate them into distinct ecological groups.
Pterygotioidea (the name deriving from the type genus Pterygotus, meaning "winged one") is a superfamily of eurypterids, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Pterygotioids were the most derived members of the infraorder Diploperculata and the sister group of the adelophthalmoid eurypterids.
The type specimen of A. cummingsi (a coxa, left) and the type specimen of "Pterygotus buffaloensis" (an appendage including the coxa and part of a chelae, right).. The earliest species of Acutiramus to be named was A. macropthalmus (as a species of Pterygotus, Pterygotus macrophthalmus) in 1859.
A majority of fossils are from fossil sites in North America and Europe because the group lived primarily in the waters around and within the ancient supercontinent of Euramerica. Only a handful of eurypterid groups spread beyond the confines of Euramerica and a few genera, such as Adelophthalmus and Pterygotus , achieved a cosmopolitan ...
Restoration of H. socialis. Hughmilleria is the most basal (primitive) known member of the Pterygotioidea. [1] It was a small-sized eurypterid, with the largest specimen measuring 20 cm (8 in), being surpassed by other members of its superfamily, such as Slimonia acuminata, which measured 100 cm (39 in) in length, and Pterygotus grandidentatus, which could reach 1.75 meters (5 ft 8 in). [2]
Necrogammarus salweyi is the binomial name applied to an arthropod fossil discovered in Herefordshire, England. The fossil represents a fragmentary section of the underside and an appendage of a pterygotid eurypterid , a group of large and predatory aquatic arthropods that lived from the late Silurian to the late Devonian .
Fossil of S. acuminata. The type species of Slimonia, S. acuminata, was first described as a species of Pterygotus, "Pterygotus acuminata" (acuminata being Latin for "sharp" or "tapering"), by John William Salter in 1856, based on fossils recovered from deposits of Llandovery-Wenlock (Early to Middle Silurian) age in Lesmahagow, Scotland.