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Ion-exchange resin beads. An ion-exchange resin or ion-exchange polymer is a resin or polymer that acts as a medium for ion exchange, that is also known as an ionex. [1] It is an insoluble matrix (or support structure) normally in the form of small (0.25–1.43 mm radius) microbeads, usually white or yellowish, fabricated from an organic polymer substrate.
Anion exchange chromatography is commonly used to purify proteins, amino acids, sugars/carbohydrates and other acidic substances [3] with a negative charge at higher pH levels. The tightness of the binding between the substance and the resin is based on the strength of the negative charge of the substance.
Ion-exchange resin beads Ion-exchange column used for protein purification. Ion exchange is a reversible interchange of one species of ion present in an insoluble solid with another of like charge present in a solution surrounding the solid. Ion exchange is used in softening or demineralizing of water, purification of chemicals, and separation ...
Examples of functional groups of Weak ion exchange resins include diethylaminoethyl (DEAE, -C 2 H 4 N(C 2 H 5) 2), which is an anion exchanger, and carboxymethyl (CM, -CH 2-COOH), [35] which is a cation exchanger. These two types of exchangers can maintain the charge density of their columns over a pH range of 5–9.
DEAE-C is a weak anion exchanger. This exchange is utilized to separate proteins that have faintly differing charges. Like all anion exchangers, the resin carries a positive charge that interacts favorably with negative charges. The positive charge of DEAE cellulose is due to a protonated amine group.
An ion-exchange membrane is generally made of organic or inorganic polymer with charged (ionic) side groups, such as ion-exchange resins. Anion-exchange membranes contain fixed cationic groups with predominantly mobile anions; because anions are the majority species, most of the conductivity is due to anion transport.
Chelating resins operate similarly to ordinary ion-exchange resins. A tridentate metal complex with the iminodiacetate anion, illustrating the nature of the metal-binding site in some chelating resins. Most chelating resins are polymers (copolymers to be precise) with reactive functional groups that chelate to metal ions. [4]
The resin has a higher affinity for highly charged countercations, for example by Ca 2+ (calcium) in the case of water softening. Correspondingly, anion-exchange resins are typically provided in the form of chloride Cl −, which is a highly mobile counteranion. Counterions are used in phase-transfer catalysis.
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