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Allan Paivio's dual-coding theory is a basis of picture superiority effect. Paivio claims that pictures have advantages over words with regards to coding and retrieval of stored memory because pictures are coded more easily and can be retrieved from symbolic mode, while the dual coding process using words is more difficult for both coding and retrieval.
In developing this theory, Paivio used the idea that the formation of mental imagery aids learning through the picture superiority effect. [2] According to Paivio, there are two ways a person could expand on learned material: verbal associations and imagery.
It is also one of the most widely studied. Within visual studies, pictures have been shown to have a greater recall value than words – the picture superiority effect. However, semantic associations have the reverse effect in picture memories appear to be reversed to those in other memories.
Picture superiority effect; Placebo effect; Pluralistic ignorance; Positivity effect; Pratfall effect; Precedence effect; Primacy effect; Pseudocertainty effect; Purkinje effect; Pygmalion effect; Rashomon effect; Recency effect; Rhyme-as-reason effect; Ringelmann effect; Self-fulfilling prophecy; Self-reference effect; Serial position effect ...
Picture superiority effect (cognitive biases) (educational psychology) (memory biases) (psychological theories) Piezoresistive effect (electrical phenomena) Pigou effect (economics effects) Pioneer effect (astrodynamics) (pioneer program)
In psychology, the face superiority effect refers to the phenomena of how all individuals perceive and encode other human faces in memory. Rather than perceiving and encoding single features of a face (nose, eyes, mouth, etc.), we perceive and encode a human face as one holistic unified element. [ 1 ]
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The predominant argument in favor of graphical over alphanumeric passwords is use of the Picture superiority effect which describes the improved performance of the human mind in recalling images and objects over strings of text. This effect is utilized through DAS, as complex drawings are less difficult for the human mind to memorize than a ...