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In psychology, a false memory is a phenomenon where someone recalls something that did not actually happen or recalls it differently from the way it actually happened. Suggestibility , activation of associated information, the incorporation of misinformation, and source misattribution have been suggested to be several mechanisms underlying a ...
In psychology and cognitive science, a memory bias is a cognitive bias that either enhances or impairs the recall of a memory (either the chances that the memory will be recalled at all, or the amount of time it takes for it to be recalled, or both), or that alters the content of a reported memory. There are many types of memory bias, including:
Later studies have used similar methods with a pre-test rating of a series of events, an intervening cognitive task using the events, and a post-test confidence rating. . These have shown that a similar imagination inflation effect occurs when instead of imagining, people simply explain how events could have happened [6] or paraphrase the
Emotion and memory – Critical factors contributing to the emotional enhancement effect on human memory; Illusion – Distortion of the perception of reality; Language and thought – Study of how language influences thought; List of cognitive biases; List of fallacies; Negativity bias – Tendency to give more importance to negative experiences
Memory errors, specifically intrusion errors and imagination inflation effects, have been found to occur in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Intrusion errors can commonly be found in the recall portion of a memory test when a participant includes items that were not on the original list that was presented. [57]
In psychology, false memory syndrome (FMS) was a proposed "pattern of beliefs and behaviors" [1] in which a person's identity and relationships are affected by false memories of psychological trauma, recollections which are strongly believed by the individual, but contested by the accused. [2]
The Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm is a procedure in cognitive psychology used to study false memory in humans. The procedure was pioneered by James Deese in 1959, but it was not until Henry L. Roediger III and Kathleen McDermott extended the line of research in 1995 that the paradigm became popular.
The highly unreliable nature of human memory is well documented and accepted amongst psychologists. Some research suggests a 'blue retrospective' which also exaggerates negative emotions. Though it is a cognitive bias which distorts one's view of reality , it is suggested that rosy retrospection serves a useful purpose in increasing self-esteem ...