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The first known mention of the city was in c. 2000 BCE in the Middle Kingdom Egyptian execration texts in which the city was recorded as Rusalimum. [1] [2] The root S-L-M in the name is thought to refer to either "peace" (compare with modern Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew) or Shalim, the god of dusk in the Canaanite religion.
28 June: Israel declares Jerusalem unified and announces free access to holy sites of all religions. 1968: Israel starts rebuilding the Jewish Quarter , confiscating 129 dunams (0.129 km 2 ) of land which had made up the Jewish Quarter before 1948.
An-Nasir Daud, emir of Kerak, captures Jerusalem and destroys the Tower of David. [515] [517] 1240. May 14. Robert of Nantes is appointed patriarch of Jerusalem, although he will not arrive in the east until 1244. [518] Summer. Al-Adil II's retainers depose him and make his brother, As-Salih Ayyub, the ruler of Egypt.
Conquest of Jerusalem by the Crusaders (13th- or 14th-century miniature) The Crusaders conquered the city in 1099 and held it until its conquest by the army of Saladin at the siege of Jerusalem in 1187 and its surrender to the Ayyubid dynasty, a Muslim sultanate that ruled in the Middle East in the early 12th century. [3]
Maps of Ottoman Palestine showing the Kaza subdivisions. Part of a series on the History of Palestine Prehistory Natufian culture Pre-Pottery Tahunian Ghassulian Jericho Ancient history Canaan Phoenicia Egyptian Empire Ancient Israel and Judah (Israel, Judah) Philistia Philistines Neo-Assyrian Empire Neo-Babylonian Empire Achaemenid Empire Classical period Hellenistic Palestine (Seleucus ...
Babylonian and Persian periods (586–332 BCE). [4]The Babylonian period began with the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II in 587 or 586 BCE. The Persian period spans the years 539–332 BCE, from the time Cyrus II of Persia ("the Great") conquered the Neo-Babylonian Empire, to the conquest of the region by Alexander the Great.
The state of Israel was nevertheless founded under prime minister David Ben-Gurion on 14 May 1948 with the end of the British Mandate, winning immediate recognition from the US and Soviet Union ...
By 11 June the Arab forces were routed and all parties had accepted the cease-fire called for by UN Security Council Resolutions 235 and 236. Israel gained control of the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights, and the formerly Jordanian-controlled West Bank of the Jordan River. East Jerusalem was annexed by Israel. [329]