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Codd introduced the concept of normalization and what is now known as the first normal form (1NF) in 1970. [4] Codd went on to define the second normal form (2NF) and third normal form (3NF) in 1971, [5] and Codd and Raymond F. Boyce defined the Boyce–Codd normal form (BCNF) in 1974. [6]
Second normal form (2NF), in database normalization, is a normal form. A relation is in the second normal form if it fulfills the following two requirements: A relation is in the second normal form if it fulfills the following two requirements:
The third normal form (3NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. 3NF was originally defined by E. F. Codd in 1971. [2] Codd's definition states that a table is in 3NF if and only if both of the following conditions hold: The relation R (table) is in second normal form (2NF).
First normal form (1NF) is a property of a relation in a relational database. A relation is in first normal form if and only if no attribute domain has relations as elements. [ 1 ] Or more informally, that no table column can have tables as values.
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If a relational schema is in BCNF, then all redundancy based on functional dependency has been removed, [4] although other types of redundancy may still exist. A relational schema R is in Boyce–Codd normal form if and only if for every one of its functional dependencies X → Y, at least one of the following conditions hold: [5]
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In database normalization, unnormalized form (UNF or 0NF), also known as an unnormalized relation or non-first normal form (N1NF or NF 2), [1] is a database data model (organization of data in a database) which does not meet any of the conditions of database normalization defined by the relational model.