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  2. Apache PDFBox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_PDFBox

    Apache PDFBox is an open source pure-Java library that can be used to create, render, print, split, merge, alter, verify and extract text and meta-data of PDF files.. Open Hub reports over 11,000 commits (since the start as an Apache project) by 18 contributors representing more than 140,000 lines of code.

  3. Standard streams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams

    Standard input is a stream from which a program reads its input data. The program requests data transfers by use of the read operation. Not all programs require stream input. For example, the dir and ls programs (which display file names contained in a directory) may take command-line arguments, but perform their operations without any stream ...

  4. Input/output (C++) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output_(C++)

    an input stream that wraps a file stream buffer. Provides functions to open or close a file in addition to those of generic input stream ifstream – operates on characters of type char; wifstream – operates on characters of type wchar_t; basic_istringstream: an input stream that wraps a string stream buffer.

  5. Comparison of programming languages (string functions)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string.

  6. String (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_(computer_science)

    A program may also accept string input from its user. Further, strings may store data expressed as characters yet not intended for human reading. Example strings and their purposes: A message like "file upload complete" is a string that software shows to end users. In the program's source code, this message would likely appear as a string literal.

  7. C++ string handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++_string_handling

    The std::string type is the main string datatype in standard C++ since 1998, but it was not always part of C++. From C, C++ inherited the convention of using null-terminated strings that are handled by a pointer to their first element, and a library of functions that manipulate such strings.

  8. Comparison of Java and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_C++

    The Java language continuously evolves via a process called the Java Community Process, and the world's programming community is represented by a group of people and organizations - the Java Community members [42] —which is actively engaged into the enhancement of the language, by sending public requests - the Java Specification Requests ...

  9. Java syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_syntax

    A snippet of Java code with keywords highlighted in bold blue font. The syntax of Java is the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike C++, Java has no global functions or variables, but has data members which are also regarded as global variables.