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  2. Geology of Madeira - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Madeira

    Groundwater on Madeira is held in fractured volcanic rock aquifers, with widely varying transmissivity and dissolved mineral content. Water is generally slightly acidic to slightly alkaline and cold, although there are small quantities of thermal water near fault zones. Much of the water on the island comes from high-discharge springs. [5]

  3. Madeira - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira

    Madeira island is at the top of a massive shield volcano that rises about 6 km (20,000 ft) from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, on the Tore underwater mountain range. [60] The volcano formed atop an east–west rift [ 61 ] [ 62 ] in the oceanic crust along the African Plate , beginning during the Miocene epoch (5 million years ago), continuing ...

  4. Past sea level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past_sea_level

    The main factors affecting sea level are the amount and volume of available water and the shape and volume of the ocean basins. The primary influences on water volume are the temperature of the seawater, which affects density, and the amounts of water retained in other reservoirs like rivers, aquifers, lakes, glaciers, polar ice caps and sea ice.

  5. Madeira Island - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_Island

    As of 2021, Madeira had a total population of 245,595. The island is the top of a massive submerged shield volcano that rises about 6 km (3.7 mi) from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. The volcano formed atop an east–west rift [ 1 ] [ 2 ] in the oceanic crust along the African Plate , beginning during the Miocene epoch over 5 million years ago ...

  6. Ocean temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_temperature

    Deep ocean water is the name for cold, salty water found deep below the surface of Earth's oceans. Deep ocean water makes up about 90% of the volume of the oceans. Deep ocean water has a very uniform temperature of around 0-3 °C. Its salinity is about 3.5% or 35 ppt (parts per thousand). [3]

  7. Ocean heat record smashed amid ‘hot tub’ temperatures: ‘The ...

    www.aol.com/ocean-heat-record-smashed-amid...

    Global ocean temperatures have reached a record high, prompting warnings of serious consequences for the Earth’s climate. Reaching an average of 20.96C, according to the EU’s climate change ...

  8. Sea level rise - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise

    The three main reasons why global warming causes sea levels to rise are the expansion of oceans due to heating, water inflow from melting ice sheets and water inflow from glaciers. Other factors affecting sea level rise include changes in snow mass, and flow from terrestrial water storage, though the contribution from these is thought to be ...

  9. Where’s hot in February? Best holiday destinations for some ...

    www.aol.com/news/where-hot-february-best-holiday...

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