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Chronic hepatitis C is defined as infection with the hepatitis C virus persisting for more than six months based on the presence of its RNA. [18] Chronic infections are typically asymptomatic during the first few decades, [ 18 ] and thus are most commonly discovered following the investigation of elevated liver enzyme levels or during a routine ...
In advanced stages of chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis—or scarring of the liver—is common. “Once you develop cirrhosis, it is difficult to reverse,” says Dr. Menon.
The list of conditions associated with chronic liver disease is extensive and can be categorised in the following way: [3] Viral causes. Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), and yellow fever viruses cause acute hepatitis. Toxic and drugs. Alcoholic liver disease
Chronic hepatitis C progresses towards cirrhosis, with estimates of cirrhosis prevalence of 16% at 20 years after infection. [125] While the major causes of mortality in hepatitis C is end stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma is an important additional long term complication and cause of death in chronic hepatitis.
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) [3] is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated HCC) and lymphomas in humans. [4] [5]
Both hepatitis C and hepatitis B–related cirrhosis can also be attributed with heroin addiction. [54] Chronic hepatitis B causes liver inflammation and injury that over several decades can lead to cirrhosis. [44] Hepatitis D is dependent on the presence of hepatitis B and accelerates cirrhosis in co-infection. [44]
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