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Sorafenib, sold under the brand name Nexavar, [3] is a kinase inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of primary kidney cancer (advanced renal cell carcinoma), advanced primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), FLT3-ITD positive AML and radioactive iodine resistant advanced thyroid carcinoma.
Larotrectinib, sold under the brand name Vitrakvi, is a medication for the treatment of cancer. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] [ 7 ] It is an inhibitor of tropomyosin kinase receptors TrkA , TrkB , and TrkC . [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] It was discovered by Array BioPharma and licensed to Loxo Oncology in 2013.
It is a small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase WEE1 with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. [1] It is being developed by AstraZeneca. [2] It is being investigated as a treatment for pancreatic cancer with a phase 1 trial (University of Michigan researchers are as of 2019 planning a phase 2 study.
Neratinib (), sold under the brand name Nerlynx, is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of breast cancer. [3] [4]The most common side effect is diarrhea, which affects nearly all patients. [4]
Binimetinib, sold under the brand name Mektovi, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat various cancers. [4] Binimetinib is a selective inhibitor of MEK, a central kinase in the tumor-promoting MAPK pathway. [5] Inappropriate activation of the pathway has been shown to occur in many cancers. [5]
Nilotinib is a Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor and works by interfering with signalling within the cancer cell. [3] [8] Nilotinib was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007. [3] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9] It is approved as a generic medication. [10]
Brigatinib is an inhibitor of ALK [3] and mutated EGFR. [5]ALK was first identified as a chromosomal rearrangement in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Genetic studies indicate that abnormal expression of ALK is a key driver of certain types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and neuroblastomas, as well as ALCL.
Ceritinib is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor primarily used for the treatment of ALK positive metastatic NSCLC. [8] [9] Previously, it was only indicated for patients who had developed resistant to crizotinib, another ALK inhibitor, but has since had its usage expanded to serve as a primary option for metastatic NSCLC.
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