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The contrabassoon is a very deep-sounding woodwind instrument that plays in the same sub-bass register as the tuba, double bass, or contrabass clarinet.It has a sounding range beginning at B ♭ 0 (or A 0, on some instruments) and extending up over three octaves to D 4, though the highest fourth is rarely scored for.
A bacterial DNA transposon. A transposable element (TE), also transposon, or jumping gene, is a type of mobile genetic element, a nucleic acid sequence in DNA that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size.
Transposition by transposable elements is mutagenic. Thus, organisms have evolved to repress the transposition events, and failure to repress the events causes cancers in somatic cells. Cecco et al. found that during early age transcription of retrotransposable elements are minimal in mice, but in advanced age the transcription level increases ...
This transcript is the RNA transposition intermediate. The RNA transposition intermediate moves from the nucleus into the cytoplasm for translation. This gives the two coding regions of a LINE that in turn binds back to the RNA it is transcribed from. The LINE RNA then moves back into the nucleus to insert into the eukaryotic genome.
The same sequence that encodes the transposase also encodes a suppressor of transposition, which accumulates in the cytoplasm during the development of cells. Thus, in a cross of a P or M male with a P female, the female cytoplasm contains the suppressor, which binds to any P elements and prevents their transposition.
Transposition requires three DNA sites on the transposon: two at each end of the transposon called terminal inverted repeats and one at the target site. The transposase will bind to the terminal inverted repeats of the transposon and mediate synapsis of the transposon ends. The transposase enzyme then disconnects the element from the flanking ...
The mechanism by which conservative transposition occurs is called the "cut-and-paste" method, which involves five main steps: The transposase enzyme is bound to the inverted repeated sequences flanking the ends of the transposon [ 5 ] [ 3 ] [ 6 ] Inverted repeats define the ends of transposons and provide recognition sites for transposase to bind.
Also known as "read-through" model 2 (RTM2). In this model, transposition initiates at the 5′ end of a Helitron and if the 3′ end of that Helitron is missing, so transposition is terminated at the next 3′ end of a Helitron in the correct orientation, gene capture would occur. The result is that all intervening sequence is captured. [1]