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Islamic philosophy refers to philosophy produced in an Islamic society. As it is not necessarily concerned with religious issues, nor exclusively produced by Muslims, [ 3 ] many scholars prefer the term "Arabic philosophy." [ 4 ] Islamic philosophy is a generic term that can be defined and used in different ways.
Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE). The period is known as the Islamic Golden Age, and the achievements of this period had a crucial ...
His major work is the Durrat al-taj li-ghurratt al-Dubaj (Pearly Crown) which is an Encyclopedic work on philosophy including philosophical views on natural sciences, theology, logic, public affairs, ethnics, mysticism, astronomy, mathematics, arithmetic and music. [ 60 ] Ibn Sabin. Andalusia. (Spain) 1236–1269.
Al-Ghazali was born in c.1058 in Tus, then part of the Seljuk Empire. [ 50 ] He was a Muslim scholar, law specialist, rationalist, and spiritualist of Persian descent. [ 51 ][ 52 ] He was born in Tabaran, a town in the district of Tus, Khorasan (now part of Iran), [ 50 ] not long after Seljuks entered Baghdad and ended Shia Buyid Amir al-umaras.
Abu al-'Ala' was born in December 973 in al-Ma'arra (present-day Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria), southwest of Aleppo, whence his nisba ("al-Ma'arri"). At his time, the city was part of the Abbasid Caliphate, the third Islamic caliphate, during the Islamic Golden Age. [ 8 ] He was a member of the Banu Sulayman, a notable family of Ma'arra, belonging ...
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (full name: أبو بکر محمد بن زکریاء الرازي, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyāʾ al-Rāzī), [ a ]c.864 or 865–925 or 935 CE, [ b ] often known as (al-)Razi or by his Latin name Rhazes, also rendered Rhasis, was a Persian physician, philosopher and alchemist who lived during the Islamic Golden Age ...
The Kalam cosmological argument was influenced by the concept of the prime mover, introduced by Aristotle. It originates in the works of theologian and philosopher John Philoponus (490–570 AD) [ 10 ] and was developed substantially under the medieval Islamic scholastic tradition during the Islamic Golden Age.
Ibn Khaldun (/ ˈ ɪ b ən h æ l ˈ d uː n / IH-bun hal-DOON; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī, Arabic: [ibn xalduːn]; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab [11] sociologist, philosopher, and historian [12] [13] widely acknowledged to be one of ...