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In the metric system, the mass per unit area of all types of textiles is expressed in grams per square metre (g/m 2). The gram (alternative spelling: gramme; SI unit symbol: g) is a metric system unit of mass. A gram is defined as one thousandth of the SI base unit, the kilogram, or 1 × 10−3 kg.
Area density. The area density (also known as areal density, surface density, superficial density, areic density, mass thickness, column density, or density thickness) of a two-dimensional object is calculated as the mass per unit area. The SI derived unit is the " kilogram per square metre " (kg·m −2). In the paper and fabric industries, it ...
Bolt (cloth) A bolt is a piece of cloth woven on a loom or created by a knitting machine, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] as it is processed, stored and/or marketed. Consequently, its dimensions are highly variable – flexible and dependent upon the manufacturing, machinery, quantity, size, thickness and quality of the product. [8]
Material selection is a step in the process of designing any physical object. In the context of product design, the main goal of material selection is to minimize cost while meeting product performance goals. [1] Systematic selection of the best material for a given application begins with properties and costs of candidate materials.
Originally, Jacquard machines were mechanical, and the fabric design was stored on a series of punched cards which were joined to form a continuous chain. The Jacquards were often small and controlled relatively few warp ends. This required a number of repeats across the loom width. Larger capacity machines, or the use of multiple machines ...
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Martindale (unit) The Martindale is a unit for quantifying the abrasion resistance of textiles, especially when used for upholstery. The Martindale method, also known as the Martindale rub test, simulates natural wear of a seat cover, in which the textile sample is rubbed against a standard abrasive surface with a specified force.
Yarn weight is important in achieving the correct gauge or tension for a particular project and can help with yarn substitution. The Craft Yarn Council of America has developed a system that seeks to standardize the labeled weights of yarn. [2] Most yarns state their weight on the ball band but some may not, only giving the composition.