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Sir William Henry Perkin FRS (12 March 1838 – 14 July 1907) [1] was a British chemist and entrepreneur best known for his serendipitous discovery of the first commercial synthetic organic dye, mauveine, made from aniline.
Letter from Perkin's son, with a sample of dyed silk. Mauveine, also known as aniline purple and Perkin's mauve, was one of the first synthetic dyes. [1] [2] It was discovered serendipitously by William Henry Perkin in 1856 while he was attempting to synthesise the phytochemical quinine for the treatment of malaria. [3]
Widespread isolation of phenol from coal tar, made its nitration more economical, generally the path of the synthesis flowed: coal tar → nitrobenzene → aniline → dyes. [13] According to Henry Perkin himself "This industry holds an unique position in the history of chemical industries, as it was entirely the outcome of scientific research."
Recent synthetic dyes have also caused a stir. In 2017, blue dogs were found in a river in Mumbai downstream from a paint and plastics factory (a video of the dogs went viral, largely because it ...
Earlier references to a mauve dye in 1856–1858 referred to a color produced using the semi-synthetic dye murexide or a mixture of natural dyes. [10] Perkin was so successful in marketing his discovery to the dye industry that his 2000 biography by Simon Garfield is simply entitled Mauve. [11] Between 1859 and 1861, mauve became a fashion must ...
Sir William Henry Perkin FRS (March 12, 1838 – July 14, 1907) was an English chemist best known for his discovery, at the age of 18, of the first aniline dye, mauveine. Perkin was born and brought up in the East End of London. At the age of 15, he entered London's Royal College of Chemistry, studying under August Wilhelm von Hofmann.
Google Doodle: Sir William Henry Perkin. Home & Garden. Medicare
The first synthetic dye, mauve, was discovered serendipitously by William Henry Perkin in 1856. [11] [12] [13] The discovery of mauveine started a surge in synthetic dyes and in organic chemistry in general. Other aniline dyes followed, such as fuchsine, safranine, and induline. Many thousands of synthetic dyes have since been prepared. [14 ...