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  2. Naturalistic observation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalistic_observation

    Naturalistic observation, sometimes referred to as fieldwork, is a research methodology in numerous fields of science including ethology, anthropology, linguistics, the social sciences, and psychology, in which data are collected as they occur in nature, without any manipulation by the observer. Examples range from watching an animal's eating ...

  3. Natural experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_experiment

    This study was an example of a natural experiment, called a case-crossover experiment, where the exposure is removed for a time and then returned. The study also noted its own weaknesses which potentially suggest that the inability to control variables in natural experiments can impede investigators from drawing firm conclusions.' [12]

  4. Environmental statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_statistics

    Environmental statistics. Environment statistics is the application of statistical methods to environmental science. It covers procedures for dealing with questions concerning the natural environment in its undisturbed state, the interaction of humanity with the environment, and urban environments. The field of environmental statistics has seen ...

  5. Mesocosm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesocosm

    Mesocosm. Diagram of a small form closed system mesocosm. A mesocosm (meso- or 'medium' and -cosm 'world') is any outdoor experimental system that examines the natural environment under controlled conditions. In this way mesocosm studies provide a link between field surveys and highly controlled laboratory experiments. [1]

  6. Natural environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment

    Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge and magnetism, not originating from civilized human actions. In contrast to the natural environment is the built environment.

  7. Environmental factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_factor

    Environmental factor. An environmental factor, ecological factor or eco factor is any factor, abiotic or biotic, that influences living organisms. [1] Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, air, soil, water and pH of the water soil in which an organism lives. Biotic factors would include the availability of food ...

  8. Species distribution modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_Distribution_Modelling

    Species distribution modelling (SDM), also known as environmental (or ecological) niche modelling (ENM), habitat modelling, predictive habitat distribution modelling, and range mapping[1] uses ecological models to predict the distribution of a species across geographic space and time using environmental data.

  9. Functional behavior assessment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_behavior_assessment

    Functional assessment is the process of gathering information about the antecedent stimuli and consequences functional to the problem behavior. It attempts to provide an explanation to why the problem behavior may be occurring. The information about the antecedent stimuli may include the time and place, the presence of others and the frequency.