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The alto saxophone is a member of the saxophone family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones were invented by Belgian instrument designer Adolphe Sax in the 1840s and patented in 1846. The alto saxophone is pitched in the key of E ♭ , smaller than the B ♭ tenor but larger than the B ♭ soprano .
E-flat major was the second-flattest key Mozart used in his music. For him, E-flat major was associated with Freemasonry; "E-flat evoked stateliness and an almost religious character." [4] Edward Elgar wrote his Variation IX "Nimrod" from the Enigma Variations in E-flat major. Its strong, yet vulnerable character has led the piece to become a ...
Alto trombone; Vocal horn (cornet with an upward-facing bell) Duplex horn (Gemelli) pitched in E ♭ Tenor horn (with a forward-facing bell) Tenor ventil horn pitched in E ♭ (an early horn that was one of the first to use valves) Over the shoulder bass horn pitched in E ♭ Solo Horn, an Alto Horn wrapped like a Cornet with forward facing bell
The melody is then played by the soloist. The strings provide a lush background texture. Several musical themes follow. The saxophone begins to dominate with passages of scales and interval jumps. The opening part is in G minor while the central section is in Cb major. The saxophone then intertwines the melody with lyrical themes of the strings.
Note names are also used for specifying the natural scale of a transposing instrument such as a clarinet, trumpet, or saxophone. The note names used are conventional, for example a clarinet is said to be in B ♭, E ♭, or A (the three most common registers), never in A ♯, and D ♯, and B (double-flat), while an alto flute is in G. [2]
Some instruments are constructed in a variety of sizes, with the larger versions having a lower range than the smaller ones. Common examples are clarinets (the high E ♭ clarinet, soprano instruments in C, B ♭ and A, the alto in E ♭, and the bass in B ♭), flutes (the piccolo, transposing at the octave, the standard concert-pitch flute, and the alto flute in G), saxophones (in several ...
The next family member below the alto saxotromba was described as a baritone in B ♭. Ascending from baritone, logically the next E ♭ family member above it is a tenor. The inconsistency spread across multiple descriptions and patents over decades apparently is the source of confusion as regards the names tenor vs. alto horn. Tenor saxhorn
Alto clarinet in E ♭ Bass clarinet in B ♭ Contrabass clarinet in B ♭ 2 Bassoons Alto saxophone in E ♭ Tenor saxophone in B ♭ Baritone saxophone in E ♭ Bass saxophone in B ♭ Brass 2 Cornets in B ♭ (1st called "solo", both parts divided a2) 2 Trumpets in B ♭ 2 Flugelhorns 4 Horns in E ♭ (though the parts are in F) 2 Tenor ...