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Procaine. Procaine is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is most commonly used in dental procedures to numb the area around a tooth [1] and is also used to reduce the pain of intramuscular injection of penicillin. Owing to the ubiquity of the trade name Novocain or Novocaine, in some regions, procaine is referred to ...
Lidocaine was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948. [11] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [12] It is available as a generic medication. [8] [13] In 2021, it was the 267th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [14] [15]
This is a list of local anesthetic agents. Not all of these drugs are still used in clinical practice and in research. Some are primarily of historical interest.
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
Prilocaine. Prilocaine (/ ˈpraɪləˌkeɪn / [1]) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type first prepared by Claes Tegner and Nils Löfgren. In its injectable form (trade name Citanest), it is often used in dentistry. It is also often combined with lidocaine as a topical preparation for dermal anesthesia (lidocaine/prilocaine or EMLA ...
Tetracaine, also known as amethocaine, is an ester local anesthetic used to numb the eyes, nose, or throat. [2] It may also be applied to the skin before starting intravenous therapy to decrease pain from the procedure. [3] Typically it is applied as a liquid to the area. [2]
Articaine. Articaine is a dental amide -type local anesthetic. It is the most widely used local anesthetic in a number of European countries [2] and is available in many countries. It is the only local anaesthetic to contain a thiophene ring, meaning it can be described as 'thiophenic'; this conveys lipid solubility.
Benzocaine. Benzocaine, sold under the brand name Orajel amongst others, is a local anesthetic, belonging to the amino ester drug class, commonly used as a topical painkiller or in cough drops. It is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter anesthetic ointments such as products for oral ulcers. It is combined with antipyrine to form A/B ...