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In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction of two integers, a numerator p and a non-zero denominator q. [1] For example, is a rational number, as is every integer (for example, ). The set of all rational numbers, also referred to as " the rationals ", [2] the field of ...
Rational function. In mathematics, a rational function is any function that can be defined by a rational fraction, which is an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials need not be rational numbers; they may be taken in any field K.
Thomae's function. Point plot on the interval (0,1). The topmost point in the middle shows f (1/2) = 1/2. Thomae's function is a real -valued function of a real variable that can be defined as: [1]: 531. It is named after Carl Johannes Thomae, but has many other names: the popcorn function, the raindrop function, the countable cloud function ...
In order to convert a rational number represented as a fraction into decimal form, one may use long division. For example, consider the rational number 5 / 74 : 0.0 675 74 ) 5.00000 4.44 560 518 420 370 500 etc. Observe that at each step we have a remainder; the successive remainders displayed above are 56, 42, 50.
Dirichlet function. In mathematics, the Dirichlet function[1][2] is the indicator function of the set of rational numbers , i.e. if x is a rational number and if x is not a rational number (i.e. is an irrational number). It is named after the mathematician Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet. [3] It is an example of a pathological function which ...
The n th rational number in a breadth-first traversal of the Calkin–Wilf tree is the number fusc(n) / fusc(n + 1) . [9] Thus, the diatomic sequence forms both the sequence of numerators and the sequence of denominators of the numbers in the Calkin–Wilf sequence. The function fusc(n + 1) is the number of odd binomial coefficients of ...
An algebraic number is a number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial (of finite degree) in one variable with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients. For example, the golden ratio, , is an algebraic number, because it is a root of the polynomial x2 − x − 1. That is, it is a value for x for which the polynomial evaluates to zero.
Euclid's formula for Pythagorean triples and the inverse relationship t = y / (x + 1) mean that, except for (−1, 0), a point (x, y) on the circle is rational if and only if the corresponding value of t is a rational number.