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Human skin color. Human skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the lightest hues. Differences in skin color among individuals is caused by variation in pigmentation, which is the result of genetics (inherited from one's biological parents), exposure to the sun, disorders, or some combination thereof.
Hyperpigmentation can be diffuse or focal, affecting such areas as the face and the back of the hands. Melanin is produced by melanocytes at the lower layer of the epidermis. Melanin is a class of pigment responsible for producing color in the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair. The process of melanin synthesis (melanogenesis ...
Micrograph of the epidermis, with melanin labeled at left. Melanin (/ ˈmɛlənɪn / ⓘ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. [1] Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells ...
Dark skin. Dark skin is a type of human skin color that is rich in melanin pigments. [1][2][3] People with dark skin are often referred to as black people, [4] although this usage can be ambiguous in some countries where it is also used to specifically refer to different ethnic groups or populations. [5][6][7][8] The evolution of dark skin is ...
Pigmentation including tanning is under hormonal control, including the MSH and ACTH peptides that are produced from the precursor proopiomelanocortin. Vitiligo is a skin disease where people lack melanin in certain areas in the skin. People with oculocutaneous albinism typically have a very low level of melanin production.
Light skin is a human skin color that has a low level of eumelanin pigmentation as an adaptation to environments of low UV radiation. [1][2] Due to migrations of people in recent centuries, light-skinned populations today are found all over the world. [2][3] Light skin is most commonly found amongst the native populations of Europe, East Asia ...
Leucism (/ ˈluːsɪzəm, - kɪz -/) [ 2 ][ 3 ][ 4 ] is a wide variety of conditions that result in partial loss of pigmentation in an animal —causing white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales, or cuticles, but not the eyes. [ 4 ] It is occasionally spelled leukism. Some genetic conditions that result in a ...
Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye 's iris [1][2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. [3]: 9. In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the ...