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Subatomic particle, any of various self-contained units of matter or energy that are the fundamental constituents of all matter. They include electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks, muons, and neutrinos, as well as antimatter particles such as positrons.
Atoms can combine with other atoms to form molecules but cannot be divided into smaller parts by ordinary chemical processes. Most of the atom is empty space. The rest consists of three basic types of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons form the atom’s central nucleus.
particle physics, Study of the fundamental subatomic particles, including both matter (and antimatter) and the carrier particles of the fundamental interactions as described by quantum field theory. Particle physics is concerned with structure and forces at this level of existence and below.
nanotechnology. particle. nanoparticle, ultrafine unit with dimensions measured in nanometres (nm; 1 nm = 10 −9 metre). Nanoparticles exist in the natural world and are also created as a result of human activities. Because of their submicroscopic size, they have unique material characteristics, and manufactured nanoparticles may find ...
2. physics : any one of the very small parts of matter (such as a molecule, atom, or electron) subatomic particles. 3. grammar : an adverb or preposition that when combined with a verb creates a phrasal verb. The phrasal verb “look up” consists of the verb “look” and the adverbial particle “up.”.
Particle accelerator, any device that produces a beam of fast-moving, electrically charged atomic or subatomic particles. Physicists use accelerators in fundamental research on the structure of nuclei, the nature of nuclear forces, and the properties of nuclei not found in nature, as in the
Matter, material substance that constitutes the observable universe and, together with energy, forms the basis of all objective phenomena. At the most fundamental level, matter is composed of elementary particles known as quarks and leptons (the class of elementary particles that includes electrons).
Gas, one of the three fundamental states of matter, with distinctly different properties from the liquid and solid states. The remarkable feature of gases is that they appear to have no structure at all. They have neither a definite size nor shape, whereas ordinary solids have both a definite size.
Radiation, flow of atomic and subatomic particles and of waves, such as those that characterize heat rays, light rays, and X rays. All matter is constantly bombarded with radiation of both types from cosmic and terrestrial sources. This article delineates the properties and behaviour of radiation.
radioactivity, property exhibited by certain types of matter of emitting energy and subatomic particles spontaneously. It is, in essence, an attribute of individual atomic nuclei.