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Kalinga Pottery and its Uses [4] A jar from the Philippines housed at the Honolulu Museum of Art, dated from 100–1400 CE. In Kalinga, ceramic vessels can be used for two situations: daily life use and ceremonial use. Daily life uses include the making of rice from the pots and the transfer of water from nearby water bodies to their homes.
Earthenware vessels in the Philippines were formed by two main techniques: paddle and anvil, and coiling and scraping. [2] Although a level of highly skilled craftsmanship is present in the Philippines, no evidence of kilns are found, primarily because the type of clay to be found in the archipelago can only withstand relatively low temperatures of firing.
Jingdezhen, a hub for Chinese ceramic production in Jiangxi, was a main source of high quality porcelain that dominated the international Chinese porcelain market. [2] By the end of the 14th century, primary production sites in Jingdazhen shifted from bluish-white colored wares to predominantly blue-and-white porcelain. [2]
Pottery (ceramics, clay, and folk clay sculpture) has been part of Filipino culture for about 3,500 years. [169] Notable artifacts include the Manunggul Jar (890–710 BCE) [170] and Maitum anthropomorphic pottery (5 BC-225 AD). [171] High-fired pottery was first made around 1,000 years ago, leading to a ceramic age in the Philippines. [135]
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The gifts, such as pottery, that are given are often reciprocated with rice in the Kalinga culture. [12] In addition, the women are responsible for the exchange of pottery that takes place outside of the household, and the amount of uncooked rice that a vessel can hold determines the value of that vessel. [12]
The Manunggul Jar is a secondary burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial site in the Manunggul cave of the Tabon Caves at Lipuun Point in Palawan, Philippines.It dates from 890–710 B.C. [2] and the two prominent figures at the top handle of its cover represent the journey of the soul to the afterlife.
Examination of some pottery from the Carl E. Guthe Collection developed the idea of the Kalanay pottery complex. [4] The cave was first excavated in 1951 and considerable disturbances were noted pre-excavation. In 1935, there was an earthquake which led to portions of the cave's roof to fall down and pottery scattered around the cave. [5]