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Gout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis. It happens due to high levels of uric acid in the body. Researchers estimate that gout impacts one to four percent of people around the world.
Common side effects when used orally include itchiness and rash. [7] Common side effects when used by injection include vomiting and kidney problems. [7] While not recommended historically, starting allopurinol during an attack of gout appears to be safe. [8] [9] In those already on the medication, it should be continued even during an acute ...
Gout (/ ɡ aʊ t / GOWT [7]) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, [2] [8] caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. [9] Pain typically comes on rapidly, reaching maximal intensity in less than 12 hours. [5]
Diclofenac, sold under the brand name Voltaren among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammatory diseases such as gout. [6] [9] It can be taken orally (swallowed by mouth), inserted rectally as a suppository, injected intramuscularly, injected intravenously, applied to the skin topically, or through eye drops.
Febuxostat, sold under the brand name Uloric among others, is a medication used long-term to treat gout due to high uric acid levels. [7] It is generally recommended only for people who cannot take allopurinol. [8] [9] It is taken by mouth. [7] Common side effects include liver problems, nausea, joint pain, and a rash. [7]
For treating gout, the initial effects of colchicine occur in a window of 12 to 24 hours, with a peak within 48 to 72 hours. [25] It has a narrow therapeutic window, requiring monitoring of the subject for potential toxicity. [25] Colchicine is not a general pain-relief drug, and is not used to treat pain in other disorders. [25]
Mild symptoms such as nausea, loss of appetite, dizziness, vomiting, headache, sore gums, or frequent urination are common with this medication. Life-threatening side effects such as thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, leukemia and encephalopathy are extremely rare. [4] Theoretically probenecid can increase the risk of uric acid kidney stones.
Benzbromarone is a uricosuric agent and non-competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase [1] used in the treatment of gout, especially when allopurinol, a first-line treatment, fails or produces intolerable adverse effects. It is structurally related to the antiarrhythmic amiodarone. [2]
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