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Carbon sequestration is the process of storing carbon in a carbon pool. [2]: 2248 It plays a crucial role in limiting climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. There are two main types of carbon sequestration: biologic (also called biosequestration) and geologic. [3]
Trapping mechanisms for carbon geosequestration prevent carbon dioxide stored in geological structures from leaking into the atmosphere. As a means to lower greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide from carbon sequestration, especially in terms of carbon capture and storage, is able to be directed from power plants and other sources of greenhouse gas emissions, with carbon dioxide emissions ...
Direct air carbon capture and sequestration (DACCS) is the use of chemical or physical processes to extract CO 2 directly from the ambient air and putting the captured CO 2 into long-term storage. [126] In contrast to CCS, which captures emissions from a point source, DAC has the potential to remove carbon dioxide that is already in the atmosphere.
Forms of carbon sequestration such as geological storage require pure CO 2 products (concentration > 99%), while other applications such as agriculture can function with more dilute products (~ 5%). Since the air that is processed through DAC originally contains 0.04% CO 2 (or 400 ppm), creating a pure product requires more energy than a dilute ...
Farming can deplete soil carbon and render soil incapable of supporting life. However, conservation farming can protect carbon in soils, and repair damage over time. [153] The farming practice of cover crops is a form of carbon farming. [154] Methods that enhance carbon sequestration in soil include no-till farming, residue mulching and crop ...
Blue carbon is defined by the IPCC as "Biologically driven carbon fluxes and storage in marine systems that are amenable to management." [2]: 2220 Another definition states: "Blue carbon refers to organic carbon that is captured and stored by the oceans and coastal ecosystems, particularly by vegetated coastal ecosystems: seagrass meadows, tidal marshes, and mangrove forests."
A carbon sink is a natural or artificial carbon sequestration process that "removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere". [2]: 2249 These sinks form an important part of the natural carbon cycle.
The Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) is an international initiative to advance carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The Forum is a Ministerial-level organization that includes 23 member countries and the European Commission. [ 1 ]