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According to Mises, socialism would fail as demand cannot be known without prices. These arguments were elaborated by subsequent Austrian economists such as Hayek [3] and students such as Hans Sennholz. In 1977, Hayek argued that "prices are an instrument of communication and guidance which embody more information than we directly have" and ...
Communism has been a part of French politics since the early 20th century at the latest. It has been described as "an enduring presence on the French political scene" for most of the 20th century. [1] In 1920, the French Section of the Communist International was founded. [2]
The number of people killed under Stalin's rule by the time of his death in 1953 has been estimated as 1–3 million by Stephen G. Wheatcroft, [115] 6–9 million by Timothy D. Snyder, [116] 13–20 million by Rosefielde, [117] 20 million by Courtois and Martin Malia, 20 to 25 million by Alexander Yakovlev [118] 43 million by Rummel [119] and ...
The French Communist Party (French: Parti Communiste Français; abbreviated PCF) has been a part of the political scene in France since 1920, peaking in strength around the end of World War II. It originated when a majority of members resigned from the socialist French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) party to set up the French ...
The history of communism encompasses a wide variety of ideologies and political movements sharing the core principles of common ownership of wealth, economic enterprise, and property. [1] Most modern forms of communism are grounded at least nominally in Marxism, a theory and method conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels during the 19th ...
[1] The withering away of the state is based on the Marxist definition of the state: a special coercive force by which one class holds another in subjection, a "product and a manifestation of the irreconcilability of class antagonisms." [3] The ruling class, the one which owns means of production, is the one which commands the state.
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[1] [2] [failed verification] The dictatorship of the proletariat is the transitional phase from a capitalist to a communist economy, whereby the post-revolutionary state seizes the means of production, mandates the implementation of direct elections on behalf of and within the confines of the ruling proletarian state party, and institutes ...