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In this architecture the name pixel pipeline lost its meaning as pixel processors were no longer attached to single TMUs. The vertex shader had long been decoupled, starting with the R300, but the pixel shader was not so easily done, as it required colour data (e.g. texture samples) to work with, and hence needed to be closely coupled to a TMU.
The ability to write shaders that can be used on any hardware vendor's graphics card that supports the OpenGL Shading Language. Each hardware vendor includes the GLSL compiler in their driver, thus allowing each vendor to create code optimized for their particular graphics card’s architecture.
The shader assembly language in Direct3D 8 and 9 is the main programming language for vertex and pixel shaders in Shader Model 1.0/1.1, 2.0, and 3.0. It is a direct representation of the intermediate shader bytecode which is passed to the graphics driver for execution.
Pixel shaders range from simply always outputting the same color, to applying a lighting value, to doing bump mapping, shadows, specular highlights, translucency and other phenomena. They can alter the depth of the fragment (for Z-buffering), or output more than one color if multiple render targets are active. In 3D graphics, a pixel shader ...
The most important shader units are vertex shaders, geometry shaders, and pixel shaders. The Unified Shader has been introduced to take full advantage of all units. This gives a single large pool of shader units. As required, the pool is divided into different groups of shaders. A strict separation between the shader types is therefore no ...
Pixel pipelines Shader model (vertex/pixel) API support [4] Memory bandwidth DVMT Hardware acceleration Direct3D OpenGL OpenCL MPEG-2 VC-1 AVC; Extreme Graphics 2002 Desktop 845G 845GE 845GL 845GV Brookdale 2562 200 2 3.0 (SW) / No 6.0 (full) 9.0 (some features, no hardware shaders) 1.3 ES 1.1 Linux: No 2.1 64 MC No No 2001 Mobile 830M 830MG ...
Real-time applications, such as video games, usually implement per-pixel lighting through the use of pixel shaders, allowing the GPU hardware to process the effect. The scene to be rendered is first rasterized onto a number of buffers storing different types of data to be used in rendering the scene, such as depth, normal direction, and diffuse color.
The High-Level Shader Language [1] or High-Level Shading Language [2] (HLSL) is a proprietary shading language developed by Microsoft for the Direct3D 9 API to augment the shader assembly language, and went on to become the required shading language for the unified shader model of Direct3D 10 and higher.