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In the late Old Latin period, the last element of the diphthongs was lowered to [e], [44] so that the diphthongs were pronounced [äe̯] and [oe̯] in Classical Latin. They were then monophthongized to [ɛː] and [eː] respectively, starting in rural areas at the end of the Republican period.
äu is used in German for the diphthong /ɔɪ/ in declension of native words with au ; elsewhere, /ɔɪ/ is written as eu . In words, mostly of Latin origin, where ä and u are separated by a syllable boundary, it represents /ɛ.ʊ/, e.g. Matthäus (a German form for Matthew).
Own work, based on the vowel charts in Beaken, Michael Alan (1971) A study of phonological development in a primary school population of East London (Doctoral thesis), UCL, pages 197, 200. /ɪj/ and /ʉw/ are shown here with an unrounded mid central starting point: [əj, əw]. /əw/ too is shown with a much more open starting point, overlaping ...
the diphthong ei (also æi, œi), when still written distinctively, in pronunciation was merged with i or (more frequently) e; The merger of æ and œ with e was commonly recognized in writing. Sometimes forms written with æ and œ coexist with forms with e; in other cases the form with e has superseded the diphthong in Anglo-Latin. Consider ...
Vowel length from Latin to Romance. Oxford University Press. Penny, Ralph (2002). A history of the Spanish language. Cambridge University Press. Politzer, Robert L. (1953). Romance trends in 7th and 8th century Latin documents. Chapel hill: University of North Carolina Press. Pope, Mildred K. (1934). From Latin to modern French. Manchester ...
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Vowels were lengthened in stressed open syllables. [2]Stressed /ɛ ɔ/ may have yielded incipient diphthongs like [e͡ɛ o͡ɔ] in metaphonic conditions. [3] [i]Metaphony, if it can be projected back to Proto-Romance, may have initially been limited to open syllables.
This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages). Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v. [1] Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words.