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The origin of the symbol comes from the tradition that Saint Peter was crucified upside down. [1] This narrative first appears in the "Martyrdom of Peter", a text found in, but possibly predating, the Acts of Peter, an apocryphal work which was originally composed during the second half of the 2nd century. [2]
Sometime in the middle of the 3rd century, Origen of Alexandria popularized the tradition that Peter requested to be crucified upside-down. [10] At the end of the 4th century, Jerome wrote in his De Viris Illustribus ("On Illustrious Men") that the reason for this request was that Peter felt he was unworthy to die in the same manner as Jesus ...
Keys of Heaven, Red Martyr, pallium, papal vestments, rooster, man crucified upside down, vested as an Apostle, holding a book or scroll, Cross of Saint Peter: Patronage: Patronage list: Shrines: St. Peter's Basilica Church of St. Peter
A collection of popes have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to an alleged beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found. Martyr popes This list is incomplete ; you ...
The Crucifixion of Saint Peter (detail) The painting depicts the martyrdom of St. Peter.According to ancient and well-known tradition, Peter, when he was condemned to death in Rome, requested to be crucified upside-down because he did not believe that a man is worthy to be killed in the same manner as Jesus Christ.
Saint Peter's status as a major martyr is not only because he was the "first vicar of Christ", but also because he was, like Christ, crucified. Although his final request is not mentioned in the canonical New Testament, it was popularly believed (due to the apocryphal text known as the Acts of Peter ) that he demanded: "Crucify me head ...
A portrait of Major John Andre remains upside down at the '76 House in Tappan. General George Washington turned it over when Andre was hung as a spy after giving the plans of West Point to ...
Jesus then describes Peter's future to him, and says "someone else will dress you and lead you where you do not want to go" (John 21:18, NIV). The narrator interprets this as referring to Peter's martyrdom (John 21:19). According to a tradition found in the apocryphal Acts of Peter, Peter was crucified upside-down.