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New York City: After Brenda Berkman's requests for a firefighting test that was fairer for women were ignored, she filed Brenda Berkman, et al. v. The City of New York and won. [240] A new test was created in which standards were changed so the test was job-related and Brenda with 40 other women passed to enter the fire academy in 1982. [241]
United States, New York: Married women granted patent rights. [13] United States, New York: New York passed a statute that said women who had abortions could be given a prison sentence of three months to a year. They were one of the few states at the time to have laws punishing women for getting abortions. [17]
The timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting) represents formal changes and reforms regarding women's rights. The changes include actual law reforms, as well as other formal changes (e.g., reforms through new interpretations of laws by precedents).
Women have made great strides – and suffered some setbacks – throughout history, but many of their gains were made during the two eras of activism in favor of women's rights. Some notable events:
All the leaders of the new nation were committed to republicanism, and the doubts of the Anti-Federalists of 1788 were allayed with the passage of a Bill of Rights as the first ten amendments to the Constitution in 1791. [3] The first census enumerated a population of 3.9 million. Only 12 cities had populations of more than 5,000; most people ...
Catholics in Maryland were generally Federalists. [38] The Federalists derided democracy as equivalent to mob rule and believed that government should be guided by the political and economic elite. [39] Many Federalists saw themselves less as a political party than as a collection of the elite who were the rightful leaders of the country. [40]
[22]: 196–197 Starting in the 1820s, variations of the Declaration were issued to proclaim the rights of workers, farmers, women, and others. [22]: 197 [144] In 1848, for example, the Seneca Falls Convention of women's rights advocates declared that "all men and women are created equal". [22]: 197 [6]: 95
The Federalist Papers, were published in newspapers while the states were debating ratification, which provided background and justification for the Constitution. Some states agreed to ratify the Constitution only if the amendments that were to become the Bill of Rights would be taken up immediately by the new government.