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The Ukrainian alphabet (Ukrainian: абе́тка, áзбука or алфа́ві́т, romanized: abetka, azbuka or alfavit) is the set of letters used to write Ukrainian, which is the official language of Ukraine. It is one of several national variations of the Cyrillic script.
The Ukrainian Latin alphabet [a] is the form of the Latin script used for writing, transliteration, and retransliteration of Ukrainian. The Latin alphabet has been proposed or imposed several times in the history in Ukraine , but it has never replaced the dominant Cyrillic Ukrainian alphabet .
The apostrophe in the Ukrainian language is used before the letters я, ю, є, ї, when they denote the combination of the consonant / j / with the vowels / ɑ /, / u /, / ɛ /, / i / after б, п, в, м, ф, р and any solid consonant ending in a prefix or the first part of a compound word.
Transliteration is the letter-for-letter representation of text using another writing system. Rudnyckyj classified transliteration systems into scientific transliteration, used in academic and especially linguistic works, and practical systems, used in administration, journalism, in the postal system, in schools, etc. [1] Scientific transliteration, also called the scholarly system, is used ...
There was a need to change the traditional script. Writers who sought to write in the living Ukrainian language had to look for means to convey the true sound of the word, rather than being guided by ancient writing. In 1818 the letter і was added to the alphabet, in 1837 there was the letter є and combination йо, ьо, in 1873 letter ї ...
The letter Ѫ was also used for the same purpose alongside its normal usage. In 1899, both letters replaced in verb conjugations by Я and А in all cases as part of the new Ivanchov Orthography. The Cyrillic alphabet was originally developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 9th – 10th century AD at the Preslav Literary School. [2] [3]
Ukrainian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft (palatalized) consonants (both phonetically and orthographically). Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript ʲ , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate , like the articulation of the y sound in yes .
CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE 0454: є: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE Used in Ukrainian, based on the Old Cyrillic yest. Considered a separate letter, placed after Е. 0405: Ѕ: CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZE 0455: ѕ: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZE Used in Macedonian and Montenegrin. Placed between З and И. 0406: І: CYRILLIC CAPITAL ...