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Behavior modification was a treatment approach that used respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, [1] overt behavior was modified with (antecedent) stimulus control and consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, as well as positive and negative punishment, and extinction to reduce ...
Ole Ivar Løvaas (8 May 1927 – 2 August 2010) [1] [2] was a Norwegian-American clinical psychologist and professor at the University of California, Los Angeles.He is most well known for his research on what is now called applied behavior analysis (ABA) to teach autistic children through prompts, modeling, and positive reinforcement.
[97] In 2021, a study was conducted on this topic, specifically on "autonomic and endocrine activity in adults with autism spectrum disorder" [96] in part for stress reduction, particularly as for autistic people the "downside of social camouflaging is that it is a major source of stress". [96]
Discrete trial training is rooted in the hypothesis of Charles Ferster that autism was caused in part by a person's inability to react appropriately to "social reinforcers", such as praise or criticism. Lovaas's early work concentrated on showing that it was possible to strengthen autistic people's responses to these social reinforcers, but he ...
By addressing communication deficits, the person will be supported to express their needs and feelings by means other than challenging behavior. [6] Working from the premise that people with autism are predominantly visual learners, intervention strategies are based around physical and visual structure, schedules, work systems and task ...
The techniques of ABA have been effectively applied in to such things as early intensive behavioral interventions for children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [45] research on the principles influencing criminal behavior, HIV prevention, [46] conservation of natural resources, [47] education, [48] gerontology, [49] health and exercise ...
Autism, or autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive, restricted, and inflexible patterns of behavior, interests, and activities, as well as deficits in social communication and social interaction, and the presence of high or low sensory sensitivity.
Disorders formerly considered distinct, but now diagnosed as autism spectrum disorder, include: Asperger syndrome – a previously diagnosed form of autism often applied to people with a higher IQ who can have a less difficult time communicating with others and understanding concepts or phrases than other individuals with more severe autism. As ...
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