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All officials wear a whistle that is used to stop play as a result of a foul or a violation on the court. Hand signals are used to indicate the nature of the infraction or to administer the game. In higher levels of college and professional basketball, officials wear a timing device on the belt-line called PTS (Precision Timing System).
The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls, and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify people according to Rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time.
Frank Earl Birch (November 11, 1883) was a college football and basketball referee [1] who first introduced signals. [2] [3] In 1920, he passed out cards to coaches and the press with a code of twelve gestures. [4] [5] He was a graduate of Earlham College. [6] He married Margaret Johnson. [7] He was also once mayor of Sterling, Illinois. [8]
The three second area is depicted here as a darker shaded zone at either end of the court.. The three seconds rule (also referred to as the three-second rule or three in the key, often termed as lane violation) requires that in basketball, a player shall not remain in their opponent’s foul lane for more than three consecutive seconds while that player's team is in control of a live ball in ...
In basketball, a personal foul is a breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent. It is the most common type of foul in basketball. A player fouls out on reaching a limit on personal fouls for the game and is disqualified from participation in the remainder of the game.
JB DeRosa (born April 14, 1991) is an American professional basketball referee for the National Basketball Association (NBA), wearing number 22. As of the 2021–22 NBA season, DeRosa has officiated 256 regular-season games and 3 playoff games. He is in his sixth season as an NBA referee. DeRosa is the son of former NBA official Joe DeRosa. [1]
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Earl "Yogi" [2] Strom (December 15, 1927 – July 10, 1994) was an American professional basketball referee for 29 years in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and for three years in the American Basketball Association (ABA).