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The British controlled the fort for 16 years—from that cession (1763) until the Spanish campaign under Galvez in 1779. After Bernardo de Galvez conquered Baton Rouge (1779), Fort Panmure capitulated without further Spanish action.
The Battle of Baton Rouge was a brief siege during the Anglo-Spanish War that was decided on September 21, 1779. Fort New Richmond (present-day Baton Rouge, Louisiana ) was the second British outpost to fall to Spanish arms during Bernardo de Gálvez 's march into West Florida .
The fort was captured on September 21, 1779, when Bernardo de Gálvez, the colonial Governor of Spanish Louisiana, after capturing Fort Bute led his force of approximately 1,000 men (reduced by the hardships of the march from New Orleans) [4] against Baton Rouge. [3] The surrender of Fort New Richmond eliminated the presence of British forces ...
The Spanish commander, Juan de la Villebreuvre, on September 7, 1779 conquered Fort Bute, and later the garrison at Baton Rouge and Natchez's Fort Panmure to establish Spanish colonial rule, but a Natchez loyalist militia forced him to surrender Fort Panmure in May 1781. [13]
After a few days' rest, Gálvez advanced on Baton Rouge, only 15 miles (24 km) from Fort Bute. [6] When Gálvez arrived at Baton Rouge on 12 September, he found Fort New Richmond garrisoned by over 400 regular army troops and 150 militia, under the overall command of Lt. Colonel Alexander Dickson. [8] After nine days' siege, Dickson surrendered.
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Fort Bute was located on Bayou Manchac, about 115 miles (185 km) up the Mississippi River from New Orleans, on the far western border of British West Florida. It was one of the three outposts maintained by the British in the lower Mississippi along with Fort Panmure and the Baton Rouge outpost. [1]
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